Content editing

Action PC Mac
Insert a hard break (a new paragraph) Enter  
Insert a soft break (a <br> element) Shift+Enter ⇧Enter
Copy selected content Ctrl+C ⌘C
Paste content Ctrl+V ⌘V
Paste content as plain text Ctrl+Shift+V ⌘⇧V
Undo Ctrl+Z ⌘Z
Redo Ctrl+Y, Ctrl+Shift+Z ⌘Y, ⌘⇧Z
Bold text Ctrl+B ⌘B
Change text case Shift+F3 ⇧F3 (may require Fn)
Create link Ctrl+K ⌘K
Move out of a link ←←, →→  
Move out of an inline code style ←←, →→  
Select all Ctrl+A ⌘A
Find in the document Ctrl+F ⌘F
Copy text formatting Ctrl+Shift+C ⌘⇧C
Paste text formatting Ctrl+Shift+V ⌘⇧V
Italic text Ctrl+I ⌘I
Strikethrough text Ctrl+Shift+X ⌘⇧X
Underline text Ctrl+U ⌘U
Revert autoformatting action Backspace  

Interacting with blocks

Blocks are images, tables, blockquotes, annotations.

Action PC Mac
Insert a new paragraph directly after a widget Enter  
Insert a new paragraph directly before a widget Shift+Enter ⇧Enter
Move the caret to allow typing directly before a widget ,  
Move the caret to allow typing directly after a widget ,  
After entering a nested editable, move the selection to the closest ancestor widget. For example: move from an image caption to the whole image widget. Tab then Esc  

Specifically for lists:

Action PC Mac
Increase list item indent  
Decrease list item indent Shift+ ⇧⇥

In tables:

Action PC Mac
Move the selection to the next cell  
Move the selection to the previous cell Shift+ ⇧⇥
Insert a new table row (when in the last cell of a table)  
Navigate through the table , , ,  

General UI shortcuts

Action PC Mac
Close contextual balloons, dropdowns, and dialogs Esc  
Open the accessibility help dialog Alt+0 ⌥0
Move focus between form fields (inputs, buttons, etc.) , Shift+ , ⇧⇥
Move focus to the toolbar, navigate between toolbars Alt+F10 ⌥F10 (may require Fn)
Navigate through the toolbar or menu bar , , ,  
Navigate to the next focusable field or an element outside the editor Tab, Shift+Tab  
Execute the currently focused button. Executing buttons that interact with the editor content moves the focus back to the content. Enter, Space  
Move focus in and out of an active dialog window Ctrl+F6 ⌘F6 (may require Fn)